citizen science
The term “citizen science” has many definitions, but it generally refers to a collaborative research method where citizens and professional researchers work together to generate knowledge. According to the Swiss Citizen Science Principles working group, this includes the participation of volunteers not affiliated to formal research institutions. This approach enriches research and society, promoting mutual learning.
Citizen Science is used in a variety of fields, including the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering and medicine. Projects can include the study of a variety of subjects, such as the evolution of dialects, CO2 emissions from soils, the effects of flooding, or the relationship between health and diet. These initiatives can be carried out in collaboration with scientific institutions or via private initiatives.
Citizen science has ancient roots, predating even the founding of modern universities. In Switzerland, the Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles, founded in 1815, pioneered the involvement of amateur researchers. At the end of the 20th century, the term “citizen science” was popularized, reflecting a new era of public participation in science.
Citizen science projects vary in terms of participation, from simple data collection to more in-depth collaborations involving research design or analysis of results. These different forms of participation allow for great flexibility and diversified volunteer involvement.